Editing LaTeX

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LaTeX is a document markup language and document preparation system for the TeX typesetting program. LaTeX is most widely used by mathematicians, scientists, engineers, philosophers, ... As a primary or intermediate format (e.g. translating DocBook and other XML-based formats to PDF), LaTeX is used because of the high quality of typesetting achievable by TeX. The typesetting system offers programmable desktop publishing features and extensive facilities for automating most aspects of typesetting and desktop publishing, including numbering and cross-referencing, tables and figures, page layout and bibliographies.

Although it is widely used in Linux, there are several programs available that allow you to use LaTeX in Windows (i.e. MikTeX), some of them with friendly graphical environments.(To learn more http://www.pinteric.com/miktex.html ) 

= How to Install LaTeX in Linux =

1.- check that latex is not already installed by typing "latex"

2.- if you have root or sudo rights, you coult try to install the following packages (if you have problems ask Martín for help):

* '''Ubuntu''' sudo aptitude install texlive-latex-base

* '''General''' sudo aptitude install tetex

= LaTeX Tips =

LaTeX in 30 minutes: https://www.overleaf.com/learn/latex/Learn_LaTeX_in_30_minutes

'''To compile/process a file in Linux:'''

To compile a TeX file called example.tex, you just need to type: 

 latex example.tex
 xdvi example.dvi

The first command will compile the TeX file and create a dvi file. If any typo/error appears on the TeX file, the errors will appear on the screen. The second command will open the output file with dvi. You could use the command dvipdf to convert the dvi to pdf, or dvips to convert it to ps. You could directly form the pdf from the TeX file by using:

 pdflatex example.tex

'''To edit a LaTeX file:'''

You can edit it with any text editor: vi, emacs, xedit, ... (see [[Linux & Unix]] section) Different text editors have different advantages. If you like emacs, you may like the tool auctex. Auctex uses colour codes to distinguish between words and commands, and has help options available.

'''To include references:'''

To include references in your text file, you will need to create a bibtex file, i. e. name.bib. This file should contain the references in a special format. You can create it by hand, or you can use [[JabRef]]. To know more about the format, how to compile it, etc  http://www.bibtex.org/Using/

'''To correct typos: the babel package'''

To check the typos, you need to define the language at the beginning of the document with:

\documentclass[catalan]{article}

\usepackage{babel}

\begin{document}

...

\end{document}

or 

\usepackage[catalan,activeacute]{babel}

and to have the corresponding package available in your computer. By the default the language is English.

To check the typos just close the tex file and use the command:

 ispell namefile.tex

= LaTeX Examples =

'''Example.tex''' This is a very simple example, [[example.tex]]

'''referencesin.tex''' This is a very simple example about how to call the bibtex file, [[referencesin.tex]]

'''biblio.bib''' Simple bibtex file, [[biblio.bib]]

= LaTeX Guides =

There are many guides over internet, and several books you can buy. Some nice and popular material is:

* The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX. [[Image:Lshort.pdf]]

* LaTeX – A document preparation system. It is a LaTeX guide available in the lab's bookcase,  book number 20.


Free (basic) lessons: [https://www.learnlatex.org/en/]